We sequenced the genomes of a ∼7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight ∼8,000-year-old
hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other …

India has been underrepresented in genome-wide surveys of human variation. We analyse
25 diverse groups in India to provide strong evidence for two ancient populations, genetically …

Population stratification—allele frequency differences between cases and controls due to
systematic ancestry differences—can cause spurious associations in disease studies. We …

The peopling of the Americas has been the subject of extensive genetic, archaeological and
linguistic research; however, central questions remain unresolved 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 . One …

We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000–3,000 years
ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms. …

With the availability of a dense genome-wide map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
1 , a central issue in human genetics is whether it is now possible to use linkage …

Ancient DNA makes it possible to observe natural selection directly by analysing samples
from populations before, during and after adaptation events. Here we report a genome-wide …

Using DNA extracted from a finger bone found in Denisova Cave in southern Siberia, we have
sequenced the genome of an archaic hominin to about 1.9-fold coverage. This individual …

From around 2750 to 2500 bc, Bell Beaker pottery became widespread across western and
central Europe, before it disappeared between 2200 and 1800 bc. The forces that propelled …

Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of
Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft …