Objective: To describe the composition of metabolic acidosis in patients with severe sepsis
and septic shock at intensive care unit admission and throughout the first 5 days of intensive …

Recent studies demonstrated that activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)
polymerase-1 (PARP-1) by oxidant-mediated DNA damage is an important pathway of tissue injury …

Background Peroxynitrite is a cytotoxic oxidant formed from nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide.
Tyrosine nitration, a footprint of peroxynitrite, has been demonstrated in the pancreatic …

Objective: Sepsis is associated with increased production of superoxide and nitric oxide,
with consequent peroxynitrite generation. Cardiodepression is induced in the heart during …

Flagellin is a recently identified bacterial product that elicits immune response via toll-like
receptor 5. Here, we demonstrate that flagellin is an extraordinarily potent proinflammatory …

Background: Pneumonia is responsible for 50% ofantibiotics prescribed in ICUs. Treatment
failure, ie,absence of improvement or clinical deterioration under antibiotictherapy, presents …

Inosine, a naturally occurring purine formed from the breakdown of adenosine, has recently
been shown to exert powerful anti-inflammatory effects both in vivo and in vitro. This study …

Objective To investigate the effects of inosine on the acute lung inflammation induced by
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo and on the activation and cytotoxicity elicited by …

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gaseous biological mediator, which regulates,
among others, the oxidative balance of cells under normal physiological conditions, as well as …

Background Morbidly obese patients frequently display asymptomatic chronic activation of
acute phase response, with potentially adverse metabolic and cardiovascular consequences. …