We sequenced the genomes of a ∼7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight ∼8,000-year-old
hunter-gatherers from Luxembourg and Sweden. We analysed these and other …

Farming and sedentism first appeared in southwestern Asia during the early Holocene and
later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. …

Pigmentation is a polygenic trait encompassing some of the most visible phenotypic variation
observed in humans. Here we present direct estimates of selection acting on functional …

We sequenced Early Neolithic genomes from the Zagros region of Iran (eastern Fertile
Crescent), where some of the earliest evidence for farming is found, and identify a previously …

During the 1 st millennium before the Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated with
the Iron Age Scythian culture spread over the Eurasian Steppe, covering a territory of more …

Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while
genetic analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves of …

The reconstruction of dietary patterns in the two Roman imperial age coastal communities of
Portus and Velia (I–III AD) by means of stable isotope analysis of bone remains has …

Understanding paleoenvironmental conditions, including the frequency and amplitude of
seasonal variation, is crucial to understanding a wide array of human behaviors in prehistory. …

Stable oxygen (δ 18 O) and hydrogen (δD) isotope compositions in heterotroph tissues are
known to reflect the seasonal variation of meteoric water intake and dietary inputs. However, …

The contribution of palaeogenetic data to the study of various aspects of hominin biology
and evolution has been significant, and has the potential to increase substantially with the …