Eukaryotic cells create internal order by using protein motors to transport molecules and
organelles along cytoskeletal tracks. Recent genomic and functional studies suggest that five …

Axoplasm from the squid giant axon contains a soluble protein translocator that induces
movement of microtubules on glass, latex beads on microtubules, and axoplasmic organelles on …

μManager is an open-source, cross-platform desktop application, to control a wide variety of
motorized microscopes, scientific cameras, stages, illuminators, and other microscope …

Programmed cell death–1 (PD-1) is a coinhibitory receptor that suppresses T cell activation
and is an important cancer immunotherapy target. Upon activation by its ligand PD-L1, PD-1 …

Kinesin motors power many motile processes by converting ATP energy into unidirectional
motion along microtubules. The force-generating and enzymatic properties of conventional …

Kinesin is a processive motor that takes 8.3-nm center-of-mass steps along microtubules for
each adenosine triphosphate hydrolyzed. Whether kinesin moves by a “hand-over-hand” or …

Eukaryotic cells store neutral lipids in cytoplasmic lipid droplets 1 , 2 enclosed in a monolayer
of phospholipids and associated proteins 3 , 4 . These dynamic organelles 5 serve as the …

The microtubule-based kinesin motors and actin-based myosin motors generate motions
associated with intracellular trafficking, cell division, and muscle contraction. Early studies …

Signals in many biological processes can be amplified by recruiting multiple copies of
regulatory proteins to a site of action. Harnessing this principle, we have developed a protein …

Communication between the 5′ cap structure and 3′ poly(A) tail of eukaryotic mRNA results
in the synergistic enhancement of translation. The cap and poly(A) tail binding proteins, …