Mendelian randomization (MR) is a term that applies to the use of genetic variation to
address causal questions about how modifiable exposures influence different outcomes. The …

Neurogenesis persists in the adult dentate gyrus of rodents throughout the life of the organism.
The factors regulating proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation of neuronal …

… Here A −1 is the covariant form of an analysis error covariance metric, gA−1 (Palmer et al
1998). Hence the perturbation δx(t) which has maximum Euclidean amplitude at t and unit gA−…

The Tropical Ocean‐Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program sought to determine the predictability
of the coupled ocean‐atmosphere system. The World Climate Research Programme's (…

Observed climate change and variability (for definitions, see the IPCC Glossary, Appendix I)
are considered in this chapter by addressing seven commonly asked questions related to …

The oft-repeated claim that Earth’s biota is entering a sixth “mass extinction” depends on
clearly demonstrating that current extinction rates are far above the “background” rates …

There is extensive evidence indicating that new neurons are generated in the dentate gyrus
of the adult mammalian hippocampus, a region of the brain that is important for learning and …

Cranial radiation therapy causes a progressive decline in cognitive function that is linked to
impaired neurogenesis. Chronic inflammation accompanies radiation injury, suggesting that …

… operator T (see section 2.4 of BP for more details) allows one to calculate perturbations
with maximum amplitude at final time t over a prescribed area; in our case the northern …

The thin lamina between the hippocampal hilus and granule cell layer, or subgranule zone (SGZ),
is an area of active proliferation within the adult hippocampus known to generate new …